To enhance the endurance of aviation piston-powered unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), this study proposes an energy density enhancement strategy utilizing the high-density hydrocarbon fuel JP-10. A novel high-energy aviation gasoline (designated as GR-1) was synthesized by blending the 100LL aviation gasoline with 30 vol% JP-10. Experimental characterization demonstrates that GR-1 presented a volumetric heating value of 33.51 MJ·L?1, achieving an 11.50% increase over that of the base 100LL fuel, and its essential physicochemical specifications met the requirements outlined in the Chinese National Standard Aviation Piston Engine Fuels (GB 1787-2018). Furthermore, Reactive Force Field Molecular Dynamics (ReaxFF MD) simulations elucidated the oxidation mechanism of GR-1, revealing a four-stage combustion process: molecular activation, fuel pyrolysis, small-molecule oxidation, and deep oxidation. The incorporation of JP-10 significantly reduced the initial fuel cracking temperature to 1300 K, 700 K lower than that observed for the 100LL aviation gasoline (2000 K), while maintaining unaltered final oxidation pathways. This work provides fundamental theoretical and experimental foundations for the design of high-energy aviation fuels and the advancement of UAV endurance capabilities.