The Middle East contains nearly half of global recoverable hydrocarbon reserves, primarily hosted in carbonate reservoirs characterized by multi-scale heterogeneity. Integrating multi-domain static and dynamic data from key oilfields in the United Arab Emirates, Oman, Iraq, and Iran, this study proposes a unified classification framework comprising five typical carbonate sedimentary models: ramp, rimmed platform, epicontinental sea ramp, evaporative platform and submerged platform. These systems exhibit dynamic transitions controlled by sea-level fluctuations and tectonic activities. The ramp and epeiric ramp systems initially develop through aggradation. The inner ramp with high water energy develops biological reefs or shoals to form sedimentary uplifts. Transgressive phases promote barrier reef-shoal expansion, ultimately evolving into rimmed platforms. Evaporative platforms form through sea-level fall or tectonic uplift, whereas subsequent transgression or tectonic subsidence transforms them into a submerged platform model. The ramp model takes the inner ramp shoal as the main reservoir. The rimmed platform model takes the platform margin reef-shoal as the main reservoir. The reservoir of the tidal channel facies in the lagoon has high permeability but strong heterogeneity. The epicontinental sea ramp model develops typical spherulitic granular limestone with good reservoir continuity, large scale and weak heterogeneity. The evaporative platform model has obvious evaporation in the supratidal zone. Dolomite, gypsum and limestone coexist to form a complex internal reservoir structure. The submerged platform model mainly develops planktonic foraminiferal wackestone reservoir. The intrafossil pores of planktonic foraminifera are developed, but the connectivity is poor, showing the characteristics of high porosity and low permeability and weak heterogeneity. By establishing genetic linkages between sedimentary models and reservoir architectures, this study provides a predictive tool for identifying high-quality reservoirs and optimizing development strategies in the Middle East carbonate provinces.