基于径向诱导裂缝的水平最大地应力预测研究
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    摘要:

    利用应力多边形结合井壁崩落和诱导裂缝可约束限定最大水平地应力范围,但是该方法主要用于轴向诱导裂缝且难以找到同时存在井壁崩落和诱导裂缝的井段。在直井和水平井井壁上也可能存在径向诱导裂缝,在成像测井图像上表现为一组近似平行且间断的深色短直线。利用径向诱导裂缝也可以用于约束水平最大地应力范围,本文在考虑有效应力和热效应影响下,推导建立了直井和水平井产生径向诱导裂缝的条件,据此得到了基于径向诱导裂缝的水平最大地应力上限及下限约束线。分析结果表明,井底温度差值增加,直井时下限约束线逐渐下移而水平井时上限约束线逐渐上移;泊松比减小,应力多边形范围扩大,直井时下限约束线上移而上限约束线向右偏转,水平井时上限约束线向右偏转而下限约束线同样向右偏转但是幅度较小;有效应力系数的变化仅对应力多边形范围有影响,对水平最大地应力下限、上限约束线几乎没有影响。由水平最大地应力上限及下限约束线,结合最小水平地应力就可以便捷的预测最大水平地应力范围,拓展了水平最大地应力的获取途径。

    Abstract:

    The use of stress polygons combined with wellbore collapse and induced fractures can constrain the range of maximum horizontal stress. But this method is mainly used for axial induced fractures and it is difficult to find both wellbore collapse and induced fractures simultaneously in a same section of wellbore. Radial induced fractures may also exist in vertical and horizontal wells, appearing as a set of approximately parallel and discontinuous dark short straight lines in imaging logging images. The radial induced fractures can also be used to constrain the range of maximum horizontal stress. In this paper, the generation conditions of radial induced fractures in vertical and horizontal wells are derived by considering the influence of effective stress and thermal effects. Based on this, the upper and lower limit constraint lines for the maximum horizontal stress based on radial induced fractures are obtained. The analysis results show that as the temperature difference between the drilling fluids and formation increases, the lower limit constraint line gradually moves down in vertical wells and the upper limit constraint line gradually moves up in horizontal wells. Then, the Poisson"s ratio decreases, the range of stress polygons expands, one hand the lower limit constraint line moves up and the upper limit constraint line deflects to the right in a vertical well, on the other hand the upper limit constraint line deflects to the right in horizontal well, while the lower limit constraint line also deflects to the right but with a smaller amplitude. Moreover, the variation of the effective stress coefficient only affects the range of the stress polygon, while it has almost no effect on the constraint lines of the lower and upper limits of the horizontal maximum stress. By constraining the upper and lower limits of the maximum horizontal stress, combined with the minimum horizontal stress, the range of maximum horizontal stress can be conveniently predicted, expanding the ways to obtain the maximum horizontal stress for wellbore stability analysis and hydraulic fracturing design.

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  • 收稿日期:2025-02-27
  • 最后修改日期:2025-06-08
  • 录用日期:2025-06-09
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