通过一种低温共晶熔盐体系(LiNO3-KNO3)直接再生废旧NCM111材料*
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TQ152;TQ131

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    摘要:

    镍钴锰层状金属氧化物(NCM)材料是锂离子电池中的主要正极材料。然而,随着持续的循环工作,锂离子电池会因为正极材料的锂缺失以及相变等问题而导致容量降低。由于锂离子电池的需求量日益增加,锂离子电池也将面临着越发严峻的回收问题。共晶熔盐方法已经被证实可以很好的直接再生废旧的正极材料。我们发现了一种具有更低共熔点温度的共晶熔盐体系,并通过此体系成功再生了NCM正极颗粒,恢复了理想的化学计量比,降低了锂镍混排程度,修复了晶体结构。此外,经再生的正极材料通过组装电池测试,验证其具备良好的电化学性能:初始放电比容量为157.9mAh g-1,在0.2 C的电流密度下循环100圈仍保持在148.3 mAh g-1,倍率容量为39.5 mAh g-1(10 C)。我们的工作代表了一种低温,简便且有效的直接再生正极材料的方法,为锂离子电池正极材料的直接再生领域提供了更多的可能性。

    Abstract:

    Nickel-cobalt-manganese layered metal oxide (NCM) materials are the main cathode materials in lithium-ion batteries. However, as lithium-ion batteries continue to cycle, their capacity decreases due to lithium deficiency and phase transitions in the cathode materials. As the demand for lithium-ion batteries is increasing, lithium-ion batteries will also face more and more serious recycling problems. The eutectic molten salt method has been shown to be good for direct regeneration of used cathode materials. We discovered a eutectic molten salt system with a lower eutectic temperature, and successfully regenerated NCM cathode particles by this system, which restored the ideal stoichiometric ratio, reduced the degree of lithium-nickel mixing, and repaired the crystal structure. In addition, the regenerated cathode materials were tested by assembled batteries and verified to possess good electrochemical performance: the initial discharge specific capacity was 157.9 mAh g-1, which remained at 148.3 mAh g-1 after 100 cycles at a current density of 0.2 C, and the rate capacity was 39.5 mAh g-1 (10 C). Our work represents a low-temperature, simple and effective method for direct regeneration of cathode materials, which opens up more possibilities in the field of direct regeneration of cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries.

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  • 收稿日期:2025-02-10
  • 最后修改日期:2025-04-07
  • 录用日期:2025-05-19
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