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| 旋切方式作用的新型钻头破岩特性与试验分析 |
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田家林1,2,刘刚1,杨琳1,付传红1,朱永豪1,庞小林1,李友1
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(1.西南石油大学机电工程学院, 四川成都 610500;2.西南交通大学机械工程学院, 四川成都 610031)
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| 摘要: |
| 在分析传统三牙轮钻头破岩特性的基础上,提出一种旋切方式破岩的新型钻头(旋切钻头)。运用柱坐标与复合运动原理,建立破岩过程切削齿的位置方程、速度方程和加速度方程。同时结合算例参数,分析不同齿圈切削齿破岩过程接触段上的速度和加速度分布规律。根据加速度计算结果进行切削齿破岩工作力学和失效机制研究。结果表明:在钻进过程中,旋切钻头的切削齿以冲击、旋切方式破岩,不同齿圈切削齿同时切削井壁,且大齿圈切削齿过井眼中心,运动速度快,可有效地提高钻头心部破岩效率。试验结果验证了算例分析和计算方法的正确性,建立的计算方法修正了现有研究的部分错误,且适用于其他牙轮钻头与复合钻头的研究。 |
| 关键词: 钻头 破岩 旋切 效率 机械钻速 试验 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1673-5005.2015.03.022 |
| 分类号::TE 921 |
| 基金项目:石油天然气装备教育部重点试验室开放课题(OGE201403-05);国家自然科学基金项目(51074202,3);四川省教育厅成果转化重大培育项目(12ZZ003) |
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| Rock-breaking features and experimental analysis of new drill bit with swirling cutting effect |
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TIAN Jialin1,2, LIU Gang1, YANG Lin1, FU Chuanhong1, ZHU Yonghao1, PANG Xiaolin1, LI You1
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(1.School of Mechatronic Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China;2.School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China)
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| Abstract: |
| On the basis of analyzing the traditional three cone bit rock-breaking characteristics, a new type of bit (swirling cutting bit) breaking rock in rotary cutting way was put forward. By using the cylindrical coordinates and the principle of compound movement, the equations of cutting teeth location, velocity and acceleration were established in the process of rock breaking. Meanwhile, combining with example parameters, the distribution laws of different gear ring 's velocity and acceleration were analyzed in the rock-breaking process of contact section. According to the results of acceleration calculation, the study on rock-breaking mechanics and failure mechanism of cutting teeth can be conducted. Bench experiment results show that in the process of drilling, the cutting teeth of swirling cutting bit break rock in the way of shocking and rotary cutting, and all cutting teeth of different gear rings cut borehole at the same time. Meanwhile, the cutting teeth of big gear ring have a fast speed and go through the borehole center. Therefore, it can effectively improve the rock-breaking efficiency of the bit center. The experimental results verify the example analysis and calculation method. The established calculation method corrects some errors of existing research, and can also be applied to the research of other cone bits and composite bits. |
| Key words: drill bit rock breaking swirling cutting efficiency rate of penetration experiment |
