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龙门山造山带构造演化模式的建立
李月1,周瑶琪1,颜世永1,杨恒书2
(1.中国石油大学地球资源与信息学院,山东东营257061;2.西南科技大学环境与资源学院,四川綿阳621000)
摘要:
龙门山造山带是扬子板块的西延部分,主要受到3条断裂的控制,分别是汶川-茂汶断裂、北川-映秀断裂和江油-灌县断裂。在扬子板块与松潘-阿项地块的挤压下,龙门山于印支晚期开始褶皱隆升造山,在造山的过程中控制造山带 的3条主要断层由正断层转换成为逆断层。综合前人的观点,通过野外基础地质调查并利用平衡剖面法恢复了龙门山 的造山过程,并建立了造山带构造演化模式。结果表明,龙门山在造山初期主要是受到北西方向力的作用;晚三叠世末 期主要受到由于东南方向太平洋板块的挤压而迫使扬子板块挤压的应力作用;燕山期龙门山造山带继承了印支期的逆 冲推覆构造作用继续上升;喜玛检雅期推覆构造进一步发展,在推覆构造活动加剧的同时,由于重力作用,使被推到高 处的不稳定岩体大量下滑,形成滑覆体和推覆体叠加的构造格局,最终演化为现今的构造样式。
关键词:  龙门山造山带  逆冲  推覆  构造演化模式
DOI:
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基金项目:中石化股份有限公司项目(06370502000116)
Establishment of tectonic evolution pattern of Longmenshan Orogen
LI Yue1,ZHOU Yao-qi1,YAN Shi-yong2,YANG Heng-shu2
(1. Faculty of Geo-Resource and Information in China University of Petroleum, Dongying 257061,Shandong Province,China ;2. School of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621000,Sichuan Province, Chirm)
Abstract:
Longmenshan Orogen is the western part of Yangtze plate and develops three main faults which are Wenchuan-Maowen, Beichuan-Yingxiu and Jiangyou-Guanxian fault. Because of the extrusion of Yangtze plate and Songpan-Aba block, Longmenshan began to fold uplift at late Indo-Chinese epoch. The three main faults became the reverse faults from the normal faults in the orogenic process. Based on the developed theory,through the field observation and the equilibrium section,the mountain-building process of Longmenshan Orogen was discovered, and the tectonic evolution pattern of orogen was established. The results show that at the early of orogen, Longmenshan was compressed by the force coming from northwest. At the latest trias, Longmenshan began to be compressed by Yangtze plate which is compressed by Pacific-oceanic plate from southeast. Longmenshan Orogen inherited overthrust structures of Indosinian to further uplift in Yanshanian. In Himalayan epoch, the overthrust structures developed, and at the same time, the unstable rock began to glide and became the stacked structure pattern of gliding nappe and thrust nappe and finally the contemporary format formed.
Key words:  Longmenshan Orogen  thrust tectonic  overthmst tectonic  tectonic evolution pattern
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